Nobel Prize 2024 Winners List, Name, Fields

The Nobel Prizes in 2024 honored pioneering achievements across various disciplines, celebrating both scientific discovery and social advocacy. Here’s an overview of this year’s laureates and their contributions:

1. Physiology or Medicine: Awarded to Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for discovering microRNA, a vital mechanism in gene regulation. Their research identified small RNA molecules critical to cellular function and development in multicellular organisms​.
2. Physics: Anne L’Huillier, Ferenc Krausz, and Pierre Agostini received the prize for their work in attosecond physics. This field explores ultra-short bursts of light. It has advanced our understanding of electron movement within atoms. This advancement lays the groundwork for further atomic-scale research​.
3. Chemistry: The chemistry award went to David Baker, Demis Hassabis, and John Jumper. They made breakthroughs in protein structure prediction using AI. This advancement is expected to have a profound impact on drug discovery and biomedical research. It enables scientists to design proteins for specific functions with greater precision​.
4. Literature: Han Kang, a South Korean novelist, was honored for her intense, poetic prose. Her work delves into historical trauma and human vulnerability. She contributes significantly to modern literature with works that address the deep emotional and societal impact of trauma​.
5. Peace: The Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, an organization of Japanese atomic bomb survivors. The group has made efforts to raise awareness of nuclear dangers over a long time. Their advocacy for disarmament has left a lasting impact on global norms against nuclear warfare​.
6. Economic Sciences: Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson, and James Robinson were recognized for their studies. They examined how institutional frameworks affect economic prosperity. Their research provides insight into how political and economic structures can foster or inhibit growth. These structures influence global economic policy and reform.

Field	Laureates	Contribution

Physiology or Medicine

Victor Ambros, Gary Ruvkun

For the discovery of microRNA and its role in gene regulation, impacting development in multicellular organisms.

Physics

Anne L’Huillier, Ferenc Krausz, Pierre Agostini

For their advancements in attosecond physics, contributing to understanding electron dynamics within atoms.

Chemistry

David Baker, Demis Hassabis, John Jumper

For achievements in protein structure prediction using AI, enhancing biomedical research and drug discovery.

Literature

Han Kang

Recognized for poetic prose that explores trauma and human fragility, influential in contemporary South Korean literature.

Peace

Nihon Hidankyo

Honored for advocating a nuclear-free world through testimonies of atomic bomb survivors from Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Economic Sciences

Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson, James Robinson

For studies on how institutional structures influence national prosperity and economic development.

This year’s Nobel Prizes emphasize a blend of technological progress, human empathy, and social responsibility. They reflect Alfred Nobel’s vision of benefiting humanity through outstanding achievements in both science and social advocacy.